Esperanto Gender

Welcome to the fifth Esperanto lesson about gender. This time we will view a list of people, feminine and masculine, followed by grammar rules, finally a list of expressions in Esperanto to help you practice your daily phrases.

man viro

woman virino

husband edzo

wife edzino

boy knabo

girl knabino

father patro

mother patrino

Gender Grammar Rules

In general, gender is used to distinguish between male and female, sometimes referred to as masculine and feminine. For example: my son and daughter are students the noun [son] is masculine, while [daughter] is feminine. The following examples use gender in different ways and places to demonstrate their behavior.

Grammar + Rules - Esperanto
my son is a student [masculine + noun] mia filo estas studento
her daughter is a student [feminine + noun] ŝia filino estas studento
he has a tall brother [adjective + masculine] li havas altan fraton
she has a tall sister [adjective + feminine] ŝi havas altan fratinon
his brothers are young [plural masculine + adjective] liaj fratoj estas junaj
his sisters are young [plural feminine + adjective] liaj fratinoj estas junaj

The list below will probably provide more clarification. These are family members (males and females). I think it would be wise to memorize them as part of your important vocabulary list.

son filo

daughter filino

brother frato

sister fratino

grandfather avo

grandmother avino

child infano

children infanoj

Expressions in Esperanto

Now it's time to practice expressions used in daily conversations. If you're a beginner in learning Esperanto, then the phrases below are something you would want to know.

English - Esperanto
What do you mean? kion vi celas diri?
I don't understand mi ne komprenas
I don't know mi ne scias
What is that called in Esperanto? kiel oni nomas tion esperante?
What is this? kio estas ĉi tio?
What does that word mean in English? kion tiu vorto signifas en la angla?
Sorry (if you made a mistake) pardonon

I hope you enjoyed this lesson about the gender in Esperanto. Please check out our main menu here for more lessons: homepage. To see the full menu, you can also click on the "Menu" icon on the left side.