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Albanian Grammar

Welcome to the 8th lesson about Albanian grammar. We will first learn about prepositions, negation, questions, adverbs, and pronouns including: personal, object and possessive pronouns.

We will start with prepositions. In general, they are used to link words to other words. For example: I speak Albanian and English the preposition is [and] because it connects both words Albanian and English. The following is a list of the most used prepositions in Albanian.

Prepositions - Albanian
and dhe Audio
above sipër Audio
under nën Audio
before para Audio
after pas Audio
in front of përpara Audio
behind prapa Audio
far from larg prej; Audio
near pranë Audio
inAudio
inside brenda Audio
outside përjashta Audio
with me Audio
without pa Audio
about për Audio
between midis Audio
but por Audio
for për Audio
from nga Audio
to te, tek Audio

Preposition Grammar Rules

The following examples use prepositions in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence.

Prepositions + Rules - Albanian
I eat without a knife
[preposition + noun] unë ha pa një thikë Audio
she lives near the church
[verb + preposition] ajo jeton pranë kishës Audio
he is taller than her
[adjective + preposition] ai është më shtatlartë se ajo Audio
he came with his small dog
[preposition + pronoun] ai erdhi me qenin e tij të vogël Audio
can you come with me?
[preposition + pronoun] mund të vijnë me mua? Audio

Negation in Albanian

Now let's learn how to make a negative sentence (negation). For example: Saying no, I can't, I don't ... The following examples use negation in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence.

Negation + Rules - Albanian
I understand you
[affirmative form] unë e kuptoj që ju Audio
I don't understand you
[negation + verb] unë nuk ju kuptoj Audio
this is not the correct word
[negation + adjective] kjo nuk është fjala e saktë Audio
don't leave me
[imperative negation] mos më lënë Audio
no problem
[negation + noun] nuk ka problem Audio

Negative Sentences - Albanian
I don't speak French
[negation + present tense] unë nuk flas frëngjisht Audio
she didn't visit Germany
[negation + past tense] ajo nuk e ka vizituar gjermaninë Audio
he cannot see us
[negative modal verb] ai nuk mund të na shikoj Audio
can't she play chess?
[interrogative negation] ajo nuk mund të loz shah? Audio
we will not come late
[negation + future tense] ne nuk do të vijmë vonë Audio

Questions in Albanian

Now let's learn how to ask questions (interrogative). Such as: what, why, can you ...? Here are some common examples:

English - Albanian
how? si? Audio
what? çfarë? Audio
who? kush? Audio
why? pse? Audio
where? ku? Audio

More of the interrogative form, now in a sentence:

Questions + Rules - Albanian
where do you live?
[interrogative + verb] ku jetoni? Audio
does she speak Chinese?
[interrogative verb] a flet ajo kinezisht? Audio
how much is this?
[interrogative preposition] sa është kjo? Audio
can I help you?
[interrogative modal verb] a mund t'ju ndihmoj? Audio
what is your name?
[interrogative preposition] si është emri juaj? Audio

Adverbs in Albanian

It's time to learn the adverbs in Albanian. But what is an adverb? In general, adverbs modify verbs and adjectives. For example: You speak fast. The adverb is [fast] because it describes the verb and answers the question how do you speak?. Here is a list of the most common ones:

Adverbs - Albanian
now tani Audio
yesterday dje Audio
today sot Audio
tonight sonte Audio
tomorrow nesër Audio
soon së shpejti Audio
quickly shpejt Audio
slowly ngadalë Audio
together së bashku Audio
very shumë Audio
almost thuajse, pothuaj Audio
always gjithmonë Audio
usually zakonisht Audio
sometimes nganjëherë Audio
rarely rrallë Audio
never kurrë Audio

The following examples use the adverbs in different ways and places to demonstrate how it behaves in a sentence.

Adverbs + Rules - Albanian
do you understand me now?
[pronoun + adverb] a më kuptoni tani? Audio
I need help immediately
[noun + adverb] unë kam nevojë për ndihmë menjëherë Audio
she is very intelligent
[adverb + adjective] ajo është shumë inteligjente Audio
I will always love you
[verb + adverb] unë gjithmonë do të dua Audio
can we learn German together?
[adverb in a question] mund të mësojmë gjermanisht së bashku? Audio

Pronouns in Albanian

We're almost done! This time we will learn the pronouns in Albanian. In general, a pronoun can be used instead of a noun. For example instead of saying my teacher speaks 3 languages, you can use the pronoun he, and say he speaks 3 languages. Here is a list of the most common ones:

Personal Pronouns - Albanian
I unë Audio
you ti Audio
he ai Audio
she ajo Audio
we ne Audio
they ata Audio

Object Pronouns - Albanian
me mua Audio
you ty; ju Audio
him atë Audio
her atë Audio
us ne; neve Audio
them ata, ato Audio

Possessive Pronouns - Albanian
my tim; time Audio
your tënd; tënde Audio
his e tij Audio
her e saj Audio
our tona Audio
their e tyre Audio

I think it's better to put the above example in a sentence to better assist you. The following examples use pronouns in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence. We will start with the personal pronouns.

Personal Pronouns - Albanian
I am your friend
[1st pronoun + verb] unë jam miku juaj Audio
you speak very fast
[2nd pronoun + adverb] ju flisni shumë shpejt Audio
he has three dogs
[3rd pronoun + verb] ai ka tre qen Audio
she can speak German
[3rd pronoun + verb] ajo mund të flasë gjermanisht Audio
we will not come late
[1st plural pronoun] ne nuk do të vijmë vonë Audio
they bought milk and bread
[3rd plural pronoun] ata kanë blerë qumësht dhe bukë Audio

The object pronoun is used as a target by a verb, and usually come after that verb. For example: I gave him my book. The object pronoun here is him. Here are more examples:

Object Pronouns - Albanian
can you tell me your name?
[1st object pronoun] mund të më thoni emrin tuaj? Audio
I will give you money
[2nd object pronoun] unë do të të jap paratë Audio
she wrote him a letter
[3rd object pronoun] ajo i shkroi një letër atij Audio
they visited her yesterday
[3rd object pronoun] ata vizituan ato dje Audio
can she help us?
[1st pl. object pronoun] mund ajo të na ndihmojë? Audio
he gave them food
[3rd pl. object pronoun] ai u dha atyre ushqim Audio

Possessive Pronouns - Albanian
my name is Maya
[1st possessive pronoun] emri im është maya Audio
your brother lives here
[2nd possessive pronoun] vëllai juaj jeton këtu Audio
her mother cooks for us
[3rd possessive pronoun] nëna e saj gatuan për ne Audio
his hobby is reading books
[3rd possessive pronoun] hobi i tij është leximi i librave Audio
our dream is to visit Paris
[1st pl. possessive pronoun] ëndrra jonë është që të vizitojmë parisin Audio
their house is not far
[3rd pl. possessive pronoun] shtëpia e tyre nuk është larg Audio

One more thing you need to know is the demonstrative pronouns. They're very easy to learn.

Demonstrative Pronouns - Albanian
this is my house kjo është shtëpia ime Audio
that restaurant is far restoranti është shumë larg Audio
these apples are delicious këto mollë janë të shijshme Audio
those stars are shiny ato yjet shkelqejnë Audio

I hope you learned a lot about the Albanian grammar in this lesson. Please check out our main menu here for more lessons: homepage. The next lesson is below, have fun!


Inspirational Quote: First say to yourself what you would be; and then do what you have to do. Epictetus


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